Stainless Steel

Stainless steel is a type of steel alloy that contains at least 10.5% chromium, which gives it its unique properties. It is highly resistant to corrosion, rust, and staining, making it a popular material for a wide range of applications. Stainless steel is also known for its strength, durability, and versatility, and it can be found in many different forms, including elbow, tee, reducer, stub end, returns. It is used in a variety of industries, including construction, automotive, aerospace, and medical, among others. There are different grades of stainless steel, each with its own unique composition and properties. The most common grades are 304 and 316, which are both austenitic stainless steels. Other grades include ferritic, martensitic, and duplex stainless steels. Stainless steel can be fabricated and formed in many different ways, including welding, machining, and bending. It is also easy to clean and maintain, which makes it a popular material for applications where hygiene is important, such as in the food and beverage industry.

Stainless Steel Products

Technical Properties for Stainless Steel

Equivalent Grades

USA France Germany Germany Italy Japan Russia Spain Sweden UK European Union
AISI AFNOR DIN 17006 W.N. 17007 UNI JIS GOST UNE SIS BSI EURONORM
201 SUS 201
301 Z 12 CN 17-07 X 12 CrNi 17 7 1.4310 X 12 CrNi 1707 SUS 301 X 12 CrNi 17-07 23 31 301S21 X 12 CrNi 17 7
302 Z 10 CN 18-09 X 5 CrNi 18 7 1.4319 X 10 CrNi 1809 SUS 302 12KH18N9 X 10 CrNi 18-09 23 31 302S25 X 10 CrNi 18 9
303 Z 10 CNF 18-09 X 10 CrNiS 18 9 1.4305 X 10 CrNiS 1809 SUS 303 X 10 CrNiS 18-09 23 46 303S21 X 10 CrNiS 18 9
303 Se Z 10 CNF 18-09 X 10 CrNiS 1809 SUS 303 Se 12KH18N10E X 10 CrNiS 18-09 303S41
304 Z 6 CN 18-09 X 5 CrNi 18 10 X 5 CrNi 18 12 1.4301 1.4303 X 5 CrNi 1810 SUS 304 08KH18N10 06KH18N11 X 6 CrNi 19-10 23 32 304S15 304S16 X 6 CrNi 18 10
304 N X 5 CrNiN 1810 SUS 304N1
304 H X 8 CrNi 1910 SUS F 304H X 6 CrNi 19-10
304 L Z 2 CN 18-10 X 2 CrNi 18 11 1.4306 X 2 CrNi 1911 SUS 304L 03KH18N11 X 2 CrNi 19-10 23 52 304S11 X 3 CrNi 18 10
Z 2 CN 18-10-Az X 2 CrNiN 18 10 1.4311 X 2 CrNiN 1811 SUS 304LN 23 71
305 Z 8 CN 18-12 X 8 CrNi 1812 SUS 305 X 8 CrNi 18-12 23 33 305S19 X 8 CrNi 18 12
Z 6 CNU 18-10 SUS XM7 X 6 CrNiCu 18 10 4 Kd
309 Z 15 CN 24-13 X 15 CrNiS 20 12 1.4828 X 16 CrNi 2314 SUH 309 309S24 X 15 CrNi 23 13
309 S X 6 CrNi 2314 SUS 309S 20KH23N18 X 6 CrNi 22 13
310 X 12 CrNi 25 21 1.4845 X 22 CrNi 2520 SUH 310 10KH23N18 310S24
310 S Z 12 CN 25-20 X 12 CrNi 25 20 1.4842 X 5 CrNi 2520 SUS 310S 20KH25N20S2 23 61 X 6 CrNi 25 20
314 Z 12 CNS 25-20 X 15 CrNiSi 25 20 1.4841 X 16 CrNiSi 2520 X 15 CrNiSi 25 20
316 Z 6 CND 17-11 X 5 CrNiMo 17 12 2 1.4401 X 5 CrNiMo 1712 SUS 316 X 6 CrNiMo 17-12-03 23 47 316S31 X 6 CrNiMo 17 12 2
316 Z 6 CND 17-12 X 5 CrNiMo 17 13 3 1.4436 X 5 CrNiMo 1713 SUS 316 X 6 CrNiMo 17-12-03 23 43 316S33 X 6 CrNiMo 17 13 3
316 F X 12 CrNiMoS 18 11 1.4427
316 N SUS 316N
316 H X 8 CrNiMo 1712 SUS F 316H X 5 CrNiMo 17-12
316 H X 8 CrNiMo 1713 03KH17N14M2 X 6 CrNiMo 17-12-03
316 L Z 2 CND 17-12 X 2 CrNiMo 17 13 2 1.4404 X 2 CrNiMo 1712 SUS 316L X 2 CrNiMo 17-12-03 23 48 316S11 X 3 CrNiMo 17 12 2
Z 2 CND 17-12-Az X 2 CrNiMoN 17 12 2 1.4406 X 2 CrNiMoN 1712 SUS 316LN 03KH16N15M3
316 L Z 2 CND 17-13 X 2 CrNiMo 18 14 3 1.4435 X 2 CrNiMo 1713 X 2 CrNiMo 17-12-03 23 53 316S13 X 3 CrNiMo 17 13 3
Z 2 CND 17-13-Az X 2 CrNiMoN 17 13 3 1.4429 X 2 CrNiMoN 1713 08KH17N13M2T 10KH17N13M2T 23 75
Z6 CNDT 17-12 X 6 CrNiMoTi 17 12 2 1.4571 X 6 CrNiMoTi 1712 08KH17N13M2T 10KH17N13M2T X 6 CrNiMoTi 17-12-03 23 50 320S31 X 6 CrNiMoTi 17 12 2
X 10 CrNiMoTi 18 12 1.4573 X 6 CrNiMoTi 1713 08KH16N13M2B X 6 CrNiMoTi 17-12-03 320S33 X 6 CrNiMoTI 17 13 3
Z 6 CNDNb 17-12 X 6 CrNiMoNb 17 12 2 1.4580 X 6 CrNiMoNb 1712 09KH16N15M3B X 6 CrNiMoNb 17 12 2
X 10 CrNiMoNb 18 12 1.4583 X 6 CrNiMoNb 1713 X 6 CrNiMoNb 17 13 3
317 X 5 CrNiMo 1815 SUS 317 23 66 317S16
317 L Z 2 CND 19-15 X 2 CrNiMo 18 16 4 1.4438 X 2 CrNiMo 1815 SUS 317L 23 67 317S12 X 3 CrNiMo 18 16 4
317 L Z 2 CND 19-15 X 2 CrNiMo 18 16 4 1.4438 X 2 CrNiMo 1816 SUS 317L 23 67 317S12 X 3 CrNiMo 18 16 4
330 Z 12NCS 35-16 X 12 NiCrSi 36 16 1.4864 SUH 330 08KH18N10T
321 Z 6 CNT 18-10 X 6 CrNiTi 18 10 X 12 CrNiTi 18 9 1.4541 1.4878 X 6 CrNiTi 1811 SUS 321 12KH18N10T X 6 CrNiTi 18-11 23 37 321S31 X 6 CrNiTi 18 10
321 H X 8 CrNiTi 1811 SUS 321H X 7 CrNiTi 18-11 321S20
329 X 8 CrNiMo 27 5 1.4460 SUS 329J1 08KH18N12B 23 24
347 Z 6 CNNb 18-10 X 6 CrNiNb 18 10 1.4550 X 6 CrNiNb 1811 SUS 347 X 6 CrNiNb 18-11 23 38 347S31 X 6 CrNiNb 18 10
347 H X 8 CrNiNb 1811 SUS F 347H X 7 CrNiNb 18-11
904L Z 12 CNDV 12-02 1.4939
X 20 CrNiSi 25 4 1.4821
UNS31803 X 2 CrNiMoN 22 5 1.4462
UNS32760 Z 3 CND 25-06Az X 3 CrNiMoN 25 7 1.4501 12Kh13
403 Z 12 C 13 X 6 Cr 13 X 10 Cr 13 X 15 Cr 13 1.4000 1.4006 1.4024 X 12 Cr 13 SUS 403 X 6 Cr 13 23 02 403S17 X 10 Cr 13 X 12 Cr 13
405 Z 6 CA 13 X 6 CrAl 13 1.4002 X 6 CrAl 13 SUS 405 X 6 CrAl 13 405S17 X 6 CrAl 13
Z 8 CA 7 X 10 CrAl 7 1.4713 10Kh13SYu X 10 CrAl 7
X 10 CrAl 13 1.4724 X 10 CrAl 12 15Kh18SYu
X 10 CrAl 18 1.4742 X 10 CrSiAl 18
409 Z 6 CT 12 X 6 CrTi 12 1.4512 X 6 CrTi 12 SUH 409 409S19 X 5 CrTi 12
X 2 CrTi 12 12Kh13
410 Z 10 C 13 Z 12 C 13 X 6 Cr 13 X 10 Cr 13 X 15 Cr 13 1.4000 1.4006 1.4024 X 12 Cr 13 SUS 410 08Kh13 X 12 Cr 13 23 02 410S21 X 12 Cr 13
410 S Z 6 C 13 X 6 Cr 13 1.4000 X 6 Cr 13 SUS 410S 23 01 403S17 X 6 Cr 13

Chemical Composition

Grade C Mn Si P S Cr Mo Ni N
SS 304 0.08 max 2 max 0.75 max 0.045 max 0.030 max 18 – 20 8 – 11
SS 304L 0.035 max 2 max 1.0 max 0.045 max 0.030 max 18 – 20 8 – 13
SS 304H 0.10 max 2 max 0.75 max 0.045 max 0.030 max 18 – 20 8 – 10.5
SS 310 0.015 max 2 max 0.015 max 0.020 max 0.015 max 24.00 – 26.00 0.10 max 19.00 – 21.00 54.7 min
SS 310S 0.08 max 2 max 1.00 max 0.045 max 0.030 max 24.00 – 26.00 0.75 max 19.00 – 21.00 53.095 min
SS 310H 0.04 – 0.10 2 max 1.00 max 0.045 max 0.030 max 24.00 – 26.00 19.00 – 21.00 53.885 min
SS 316 0.08 max 2 max 1.0 max 0.045 max 0.030 max 16.00 – 18.00 2.00 – 3.00 11.00 – 14.00 67.845 min
SS 316L 0.035 max 2 max 1.00 max 0.045 max 0.030 max 16.00 – 18.00 2.00 – 3.00 10.00 – 14.00 68.89 min
SS 316Ti 0.08 max 2 max 0.75 max 0.045 max 0.030 max 16.00 – 18.00 2.00 – 3.00 10.00 – 14.00 68.395 min
SS 410 0.15 max 1.0 max 1.0 max 0.040 max 0.030 max 11.5 – 13.5 0.50 max
Grade C Mn Si P S Cr Mo Ni Fe
SS 317 0.08 max 2 max 1.00 max 0.045 max 0.030 max 18.00 – 20.00 3.00 – 4.00 11.00 – 15.00 57.845 min
SS 317L 0.035 max 2 max 1.00 max 0.045 max 0.030 max 18.00 – 20.00 3.00 – 4.00 11.00 – 15.00 57.89 min
Grade C Mn Si P S Cr Cb Ni Fe
SS 347 0.08 max 2.0 max 1.0 max 0.045 max 0.030 max 17.00 – 20.00 10xC – 1.10 9.00 – 13.00 62.74 min
SS 347H 0.04 – 0.10 2.0 max 1.0 max 0.045 max 0.030 max 17.00 – 20.00 8xC – 1.10 9.00 – 13.00 63.72 min
Grade C Mn Si P S Cr Mo Ni Cu
SS 904L 0.020 max 2 max 1.00 max 0.040 max 0.030 max 19.00 – 23.00 4.00 – 5.00 max 23.00 – 28.00 1.00 – 2.00
Grade C Mn Si P S Cr N Ni Ti
SS 321 0.08 max 2.0 max 1.0 max 0.045 max 0.030 max 17.00 – 19.00 0.10 max 9.00 – 12.00 5(C+N) – 0.70 max
SS 321H 0.04 – 0.10 2.0 max 1.0 max 0.045 max 0.030 max 17.00 – 19.00 0.10 max 9.00 – 12.00 4(C+N) – 0.70 max
Grade C Mn Si P S Cr Mo Ni N
SS 446 0.2 max 1.5 max 0.75 max 0.04 max 0.030 max 23 – 30 0.50 max 0.10 – 0.25

Mechanical Properties

Grades Density Melting Point Tensile Strength Yield Strength (0.2%Offset) Elongation
SS 304 8.0 g/cm3 1400 °C (2550 °F) Psi – 75000 , MPa – 515 Psi – 30000 , MPa – 205 35 %
SS 304L 8.0 g/cm3 1400 °C (2550 °F) Psi – 75000 , MPa – 515 Psi – 30000 , MPa – 205 35 %
SS 304H 8.0 g/cm3 1400 °C (2550 °F) Psi – 75000 , MPa – 515 Psi – 30000 , MPa – 205 35 %
SS 310/310S 7.9 g/cm3 1402 °C (2555 °F) Psi – 75000 , MPa – 515 Psi – 30000 , MPa – 205 40 %
SS 310H 7.9 g/cm3 1402 °C (2555 °F) Psi – 75000 , MPa – 515 Psi – 30000 , MPa – 205 40%
SS 316 8.0 g/cm3 1400 °C (2550 °F) Psi – 75000 , MPa – 515 Psi – 30000 , MPa – 205 35 %
SS 316L 8.0 g/cm3 1399 °C (2550 °F) Psi – 75000 , MPa – 515 Psi – 30000 , MPa – 205 35 %
SS 316Ti 8.0 g/cm3 1399 °C (2550 °F) Psi – 75000 , MPa – 515 Psi – 30000 , MPa – 205 35 %
SS 317 7.9 g/cm3 1400 °C (2550 °F) Psi – 75000 , MPa – 515 Psi – 30000 , MPa – 205 35 %
SS 317L 7.9 g/cm3 1400 °C (2550 °F) Psi – 75000 , MPa – 515 Psi – 30000 , MPa – 205 35 %
SS 321/321H 8.0 g/cm3 1457 °C (2650 °F) Psi – 75000 , MPa – 515 Psi – 30000 , MPa – 205 35 %
SS 347 8.0 g/cm3 1454 °C (2650 °F) Psi – 75000 , MPa – 515 Psi – 30000 , MPa – 205 35 %
SS 347H 8.0 g/cm3 1454 °C (2650 °F) Psi – 75000 , MPa – 515 Psi – 30000 , MPa – 205 35 %
SS 446 7.5 g/cm3 1510 °C (2750 °F) Psi – 75,000 , MPa – 485 Psi – 40,000 , MPa – 275 20 %
SS 904L 7.95 g/cm3 1350 °C (2460 °F) Psi – 71000 , MPa – 490 Psi – 32000 , MPa – 220 35 %
Grade Tensile Strength ksi (MPa) min Yield Strength 0.2% offset ksi (MPa) min Elongation (% in 50mm) min Hardness (Brinell) MAX Hardness (Rockwell B) MAX
SS 410 65 (450) 30 (205) 20 217 96